Reducing Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury

1. Front Matter

   Pages i-ix

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2. Introduction

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 1-1

      PDF

   2. Acute Kidney Injury: The Plague of the New Millennium

      • Zaccaria Ricci, Claudio Ronco

      Pages 3-7

   3. Acute Kidney Injury: Definitions, Incidence, Diagnosis, and Outcome

      • Francis X. Dillon, Enrico M. Camporesi

      Pages 9-31

   4. Reducing Mortality in Acute Kidney Injury: The Democracy-Based Approach to Consensus

      • Massimiliano Greco, Margherita Pintaudi, Antonio Pisano

      Pages 33-40

3. Interventions That May Reduce Mortality

   1. Front Matter

      Pages 41-41

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   2. Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Versus Intermittent Haemodialysis: Impact on Clinical Outcomes

      • Johan Mårtensson, Rinaldo Bellomo

      Pages 43-49

   3. May an “Early” Renal Replacement Therapy Improve Survival?

      • Giacomo Monti, Massimiliano Greco, Luca Cabrini

      Pages 51-58

   4. Increased Intensity of Renal Replacement Therapy to Reduce Mortality in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury

      • Zaccaria Ricci, Stefano Romagnoli

      Pages 59-65

   5. Citrate Anticoagulation to Reduce Mortality in Patients Needing Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy

      • Massimiliano Greco, Giacomo Monti, Luca Cabrini

      Pages 67-72

   6. Peri-angiography Hemofiltration to Reduce Mortality

      • Giancarlo Marenzi, Nicola Cosentino, Antonio L. Bartorelli

      Pages 73-80

   7. Continuous Venovenous Hemofiltration to Reduce Mortality in Severely Burned Patients

      • Kevin K. Chung

      Pages 81-85

   8. Perioperative Hemodynamic Optimization to Reduce Acute Kidney Injury and Mortality in Surgical Patients

      • Nicola Brienza, Mariateresa Giglio, Argentina Rosanna Saracco

      Pages 87-94

   9. Furosemide by Continuous Infusion to Reduce Mortality in Patients with Acute Kidney Injury

      • Michael Ibsen, Anders Perner

      Pages 95-100

   10. N-acetylcysteine to Reduce Mortality in Cardiac Surgery

       • Matteo Parotto, Duminda N. Wijeysundera

       Pages 101-106

   11. Fenoldopam and Acute Kidney Injury: Is It Time to Turn the Page?

       • Antonio Pisano, Nicola Galdieri, Antonio Corcione

       Pages 107-112

   12. Vasopressin to Reduce Mortality in Patients with Septic Shock and Acute Kidney Injury

       • Linsey E. Christie, Michelle A. Hayes

       Pages 113-120

   13. Terlipressin Reduces Mortality in Hepatorenal Syndrome

       • Rakhi Maiwall, Shiv Kumar Sarin

       Pages 121-132

   14. Albumin to Reduce Mortality in Cirrhotic Patients with Acute Kidney Injury

       • Christian J. Wiedermann

       Pages 133-141

   15. Extracorporeal Removal of Serum-Free Light Chains in Patients with Multiple Myeloma-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

       • Gianluca Paternoster, Paolo Fabbrini, Imma Attolico

       Pages 143-148

This book describes the techniques, strategies, and drugs that have been demonstrated by at least one paper published in a peer-reviewed journal to significantly influence survival in patients with or at risk for acute kidney injury. Each chapter focuses on a specific intervention. The scope is accordingly wide, with coverage of topics as diverse as the type, timing, and dose of renal replacement therapy (RRT), anticoagulation and specific indications for RRT, perioperative hemodynamic optimization, fluid balance, diuretics, colloids, fenoldopam, terlipressin, N-acetylcysteine, and vasopressin. A variety of settings are considered, including critically ill patients, cardiac surgery, and hepatic and hematologic disorders. The topic selection was made using a democracy-based approach in which hundreds of specialists from dozens of countries expressed, via the web, whether they agreed with these topics and whether they used the techniques in their daily clinical practice. The clear text is supported by "how to do" sections and "key point" boxes that provide easily accessible practical information. The book will be of interest for a wide variety of specialists, including intensivists, nephrologists, emergency doctors, and anesthesiologists.

• Cardiac surgery
• Colloids
• Critical care
• Fenoldopam
• Loop diuretics
• N-acetylcysteine
• Perioperative hemodynamic optimization
• Renal replacement therapy
• Terlipressin
• Vasopressin

“This brief monograph describes medications and treatment strategies for patients with acute kidney injury in the critical care setting. … Clinicians in disciplines supporting critical care units including anesthesiology, internal medicine, and surgery are an appropriate audience for this book, as are renal specialists working in the intensive care unit. … Citations for all key papers are included with each chapter.” (David J. Dries, Doody's Book Reviews, September, 2016)

• Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

  Giovanni Landoni

• Cardiac Anesthesia & ICU, AORN Dei Colli, Monaldi Hospital Cardiac Anesthesia & ICU, Naples, Italy

  Antonio Pisano

• IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Dept of Anesthesia & Intensive care, Milano, Italy

  Alberto Zangrillo

• Austin Hospital, Heidelberg, Australia

  Rinaldo Bellomo

Giovanni Landoni is currently Associate Professor at Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, where he works as Head of Research in the Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, San Raffaele Scientific Institute. Dr. Landoni is the Italian member of the Representative Council of the European Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiologists (EACTA, 2012–17). He is a past Vice-President of the Italian Association of Cardiothoracic Anesthesiologists (ITACTA) and a member of the ECMO team of San Raffaele Scientific Institute. He is a member of the editorial boards of several international journals and his strong clinical and research interests in intensive care and anesthesia have resulted in more than 400 scientific publications, including more than 250 in indexed journals (as at March 2016 he has an H index of 31).

Antonio Pisano is staff anesthesiologist and intensivist at the Cardiac Anesthesia and Intensive Care Unit of the Monaldi High Specialty and University Hospital, A.O. “Dei Colli”, Naples, Italy. His scientific contributions include, among others, papers published in the Journal of the American Medical Association and in Critical Care Medicine. He is the author of several book chapters in the fields of anesthesiology, critical care medicine, and non-invasive ventilation. Currently, he is principal investigator in several multicenter randomized trials and he collaborates with various international journals as a reviewer.

Alberto Zangrillo is Full Professor in Anesthesiology and Intensive Care and Head of Anesthesia and Intensive Care at San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy, the largest Italian surgical hospital. Dr. Zangrillo is among the world’s top 10 fastest publishing clinical scientists in the field of anesthesia and is the author of more than 500 scientific publications on intensive care (H index of 30). He has participated as principal investigator in 27 randomized controlled trials. He was decorated with the title of Knight of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic by President of the Republic in June 2004 and with the title of Commander by President of the Republic, Giorgio Napolitano, in December 2010.

Rinaldo Bellomo is Director of Intensive Care Research at Austin Health and Co-Director of the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre (ANZIC-RC). He is a Professorial Fellow in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Melbourne, and Honorary Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Monash University, and holds further leading academic positions in Australia and overseas. In 2014, Professor Bellomo was named in Thomson Reuters The World's Most Influential Scientific Minds 2014 and he is also the recipient of an NHMRC Achievement Award and an Austin Health Distinguished Scientist Award. Professor Bellomo has published more than 900 papers, written more than 152 book chapters, and edited 13 books in the field of intensive care medicine. He is Editor of the journal Critical Care and Resuscitation. Over the past 10 years, he has been heavily involved in the design, execution, supervision, and publication of several large randomized controlled trials published in the Lancet and the New England Journal of Medicine. As at August 2014 he had an H index of 82.

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