Abstract
Individually, alloying and ion irradiation are two avenues for modifying the chemical and phase structure at solid-state interfaces. Both can lead to the phenomena of alloying, intermixing, and, when combined, radiation-induced elemental redistribution. Thus, understanding how each independently influences the structure of interfaces provides insight into the chemical morphologies at the interface, the possible formation of secondary phases, and the basic mechanisms necessary for understanding alloying. Within the analytical framework provided by electron microscopy, we study changes in structure and chemistry in connection with the formation of composite layered interfaces following alloying and ion irradiation at metal-oxide interfaces. In particular, the chemical evolutions of as-deposited Fe/Cr and irradiated Fe thin films on \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) are characterized to reveal structural and chemical changes associated with physical interactions induced by either alloying or irradiation. The results of the study conclude by comparing the effects of alloying with radiation-induced intermixing. We find that the extent of Fe intermixing into the \(\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) substrate is similar for both irradiated and alloyed films, indicating that both can lead to the formation of similar complex nanoscale morphologies at the interface. Our results highlight the complex and competing phenomena that dictate the structure and chemistry at these interfaces.
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Acknowledgements
The synthesis and irradiation studies of \(\hbox {Fe}/\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) were supported by Center for Materials at Irradiation and Mechanical Extremes (CMIME), an Energy Frontier Research Center funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under Award Number 2008LANL1026. The examination of the \((\hbox {Fe},\hbox {Cr})/\hbox {TiO}_{2}\) sample was supported by the Laboratory’s Directed Research program funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences. The work was performed, in part, at the Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, an Office of Science User Facility operated for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science. JAA acknowledges support in part by Oak Ridge National Laboratory’s ShaRE User Facility, which is sponsored by the Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy in collaboration with Miaofang Chi and Juan Carlos Idrobo. Other parts of the TEM work were performed at LeRoy Eyring Center for Solid-State Science at Arizona State University (ASU) in collaboration with Toshihiro Aoki. We acknowledge Patricia Dickerson at Los Alamos National Laboratory and Dorothy Coffey at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for fabricating FIB foils. We would also like to acknowledge helpful discussions and editorial support from Emmanuelle Marquis, Michelle Hanenburg, Pratik P. Dholabhai, Quentin Ramasse, Robert Dickerson, and Maulik Patel.
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Aguiar, J.A., Anderoglu, O., Choudhury, S. et al. Nanoscale morphologies at alloyed and irradiated metal-oxide bilayers. J Mater Sci 50, 2726–2734 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-8824-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-8824-4